Injury, Recovery & Tissue Repair
Compounds studied for tendon, ligament, muscle, gut and wound repair.
BPC-157: What the Evidence Actually Shows
A clear-eyed look at BPC-157: a peptide with promising rodent healing data, almost no human evidence, and serious regulatory and sourcing caveats.
Evidence gap · Almost all healing evidence comes from rodent studies dominated by a single research group, with no completed human efficacy or safety trials and only one small, uncontrolled human case series. The popular recovery claims remain promising but essentially unproven in people.
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4): What the Evidence Actually Shows
TB-500's actin-repair biology is solid in animals, but human evidence exists only for topical eye drops — and injectable use rests on anecdote alone.
LL-37: The Body's Own Antibiotic — What the Evidence Actually Shows
LL-37 is the human cathelicidin peptide with rich antimicrobial and wound-healing biology, but solid human data exists only for topical wound use — and it's dual-edged.
KPV: The alpha-MSH Tripeptide With a Strong Preclinical Case and No Human Trials
KPV is an alpha-MSH-derived anti-inflammatory tripeptide with solid animal and cell-based evidence, mostly in gut inflammation, but zero published human trials.
ARA-290 (Cibinetide): The EPO-Derived Peptide That Targets Nerve Repair Without the Blood Risk
ARA-290 is an EPO-derived peptide with promising but unconfirmed Phase 2 signals in small fibre neuropathy. Mechanistically rational, consistently safe in short trials.